2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(一)答案与详解 Part ⅠWriting 1、审题:本次作文是图画作文【考频: ★★☆】，这是2013年12月六级改革后第一次出现该类型作文，但体裁仍是常见 的议论文。本次作文给出的图画理解起来难度不大，而且涉及的话题是教育和科技的关系，这是考生比较熟悉的话题，因此写起来并不难。

2、列提纲：

3. 语言:对图画的描述要用词准确，议论部分可适当使用从句等高分句型。

Technology and EducationWhat the drawing vividly depicts is that a pupil tells his teacher he needs tech support to solve an extremely easy question on the blackboard. The drawing illustrates that we-are highly dependent on technology, overlooking the importance of independent thinking.Those who favor the significance of technology in education argue that it facilitates learning and enables us to have easier access to infinite learning resources. In contrast, people who hold the opposite opinion maintain that over-dependence on technology is harmful. They think that a student who gets into the habit of doing his homework by downloading answers from the Internet will end up ignorant and being unable to think critically and creatively. And the drawing is a good illustration of this point. For another example, if you always write your homework or reports on a word processor，you may forget how to write the words in no time. As far as I am concerned, technology plays an important but not indispensable role in education. Over-dependence on technology does more harm than good. I suggest that we should master the basic knowledge on our own and learn how to apply technology in education properly. Only in this way can we benefit most from our learning process.

PartⅡListening Comprehension

1.听力原文：M: Before we play again, I’m going to buy a good tennis racket.

W: Your shoes aren’t in a very good shape，either.

Q: What does the woman mean?

1.A) The man’s tennis racket is good enough.

B) The man should get a pair of new shoes.

C) She can wait for the man for a little while.

D) Physical exercise helps her stay in shape.

【预测】由A)“男士的网球拍已经足够好了”、B)“男士应该买双新鞋”和D)“体育锻炼帮她保持身材”可以推测，对话 内容与体育锻炼有关。再结合B)中的The man should和C)中的She can推测，对话应该是围绕女士的观点态度或女士认为男士应该做何事展开的，因此听音时应重点听女士的话。

【精析】B)。语义理解题【考频:★★★】。男士说在他和女士再次打球之前,他得先去买支好的网球拍;而女士说他的鞋子也有点变形了。由此可知，女士认为男士也应该再买双新鞋。

2. M: Barbara, I’m glad you could assist me in the lab demonstration. But aren’t you supposed to go to Dr. Smith’s lecture today?

W：I asked Kathy to take notes for me.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

2. A) The woman will skip Dr. Smiths lecture to help the man.

B) Kathy is very pleased to attend the lecture by Dr. Smith.

C) The woman is good at doing lab demonstrations.

D) The man will do all he can to assist the woman.

【预测】由选项中出现的Dr. Smith’s lecture，lecture by Dr. Smith推测，对话内容可能与Smith博士的讲座有关。 另，由A)中的to help the man和D)中的assist the woman可推测，男士和女士之间存在某种协助关系，听音时需要确定这两人究竟是谁在帮谁。

【精析】A)。综合理解题【考频:★★★】。男士对女士能够帮他进行实验展示表示非常高兴，但他又担心女士因此错过Smith博士的讲座;女士说她已经请Kathy帮她记笔记了。由此可知，女士不去听讲座了，她会留下来帮男士。

3.听力原文：W：Steve invited me to the dinner party on Sunday evening. Have you received your invitation yet?

M： Yes. He phoned me this morning and told me he wanted all his old classmate to come to the reunion.

Q：What do we learn from the conversation?

3. A) The woman asked the man to accompany her to the party.

B) Steve became rich soon after graduation from college.

C) Steve invited his classmates to visit his big cottage.

D) The speakers and Steve used to be classmates.

【预测】由选项中出现的 to the party，after graduation from college，invited his classmates，used to be classmates 推测，对话内容可能与某人发出聚会邀请有关，且对话中的男士、女士与选项中出现的第三人Steve之间应该存在同学关系。

【精析】D)。综合理解题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士说Steve邀请她周日晚上去参加聚餐，并问男士是否也被邀请 了;男士回答说Steve打电话向他发出了邀请，并说Steve希望所有的老同学都能去参加这次聚会。由此可知，对话中的两人都曾经是Steve的同学。

4.听力原文：W ：I’m afraid I’m a little bit seasick. I feel dizzy.

M: Close your eyes and relax. You’ll be all right as soon as we come ashore.

.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

4. A) In a bus. C) In a boat.

B) In a clinic. D) In a plane.

【预测】四个选项均表示地点，由此推测本题可能询问对话或某件事发生的地点，应注意听暗示地点的信息。

【精析】C)。场景推断题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士表示她有点晕船，男士让她先闭上眼睛放松一下，一会儿上岸就好了。由此可知，两个人现在正在船上。

5.听力原文：W: I wonder what’s happened to our train. It should have been here 20 minutes ago according to the timetable. But it already 9：30.

M: There’s no need to get nervous. The announcement says it’s 40 minutes late.

Q: When is the train arriving?

5.A) 10：10. B) 9：50. C) 9：40. D) 9：10.

【预测】四个选项均为时间，由此推测本题一定是考查某件事发生的时间，听音时要注意事件与时间的对应关系，而有的时间则需要计算得出。

【精析】 B)。推理判断题【考频: ★★★】。女士对男士说按照列车时刻表，火车20分钟前就应该到这里了，但现在都 9:30 了，火车也没到;男士让女士别紧张，并说广播里通知了，火车将会晚点40分钟。计算下来，火车的实际到站时间将会是9:50。

6.听力原文：M：John is handsome and wealthy. Believe it or not, he is still a bachelor.

W: He is a notorious guy in many girls’ eyes. I’m sick of hearing his name.

Q: What does the woman mean?

6. A) She does not like John at all.

B) John has got many admirers.

C) She does not think John is handsome.

D) John has just got a bachelor’s degree.

【预测】四个选项中都出现了 John这一人名，且A)、C)两个选项中出现了 She does not like和She does not think，由此推测本题考查内容与女士对John的看法相关。从B)、D)两个选项的内容来看，对话中还可能涉及John 是否有很多追求者以及他是否拿到了学士学位。

【精析】A)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。对话中男士对女士说John又英俊又有钱，而且现在还是单身;女士却说在女孩们眼中，John已经声名狼藉了，她一听见John这个名字就恶心。由此可见,女士一点也不喜欢John。

7.听力原文：M：Cars had lined up bumper to bumper. And I’ve been held up on the expressway for an entire hour.

W: Really? It must be a pain in the neck. But be patient. Anyway, you can do nothing but wait.

Q：What do we learn about the man?

7.A) He has been bumping along for hours.

B) He has got a sharp pain in the neck.

C) He is involved in a serious accident.

D) He is trapped in a terrible traffic jam.

【预测】四个选项均以He开头，且由C)、D)两个选项中的accident和traffic jam可推测，对话内容与男士遇到的交通状况有关。结合A)中的“颠簸而行”、B)中的“脖子痛得厉害”、C)中的“严重的事故”和D)中的“严重的交 通拥堵”可知，男士一定是有着某种令人不愉快的遭遇，听录音时要注意听男士碰到了什么事情。

【精析】D)。语义理解题【考频:★★★】对话中男士对女士说他已经在高速路上等了整整一个小时了，车辆都一辆挨一辆地排在那儿动不了；女士劝男士别着急，他能做的就只有等了。由此可知，男士碰到了交通堵塞。 bumper to bumper意为“(车辆)一辆紧跟一辆”。

8.听力原文：W ：Yesterday I was surprised to see Mary using that washing machine you were going to throw away.

M: Yes, it’s quite old and in very poor condition, Frankly speaking, that she got it working amazes me a lot.

Q: What does the man imply about Mary?

8. A) She is good at repairing things.

B) She is a professional mechanic.

C) She should improve her physical condition.

D) She cannot go without a washing machine.

【预测】四个选项均以She开头，由A)“她擅长修理东西”、B)“她是一名专业的技工”和D)中所提到的“洗衣机”可以判断，对话内容可能与女士修理洗衣机有关。另，C)“她应该改善自己的身体状况”与其他三个选项没有什么相关性，基本可以提前排除。

【精析】A)。弦外之音题【考频: ★★☆】对话中女士对男士说昨天她看到Mary在用洗衣机，特别吃惊，因为那个洗衣机是男士打算要扔掉的了;男士表示洗衣机确实十分破旧了，而知道Mary又让那个洗衣机开始工作，他也 惊异不已。由此推断，男士的意思是Mary非常善于修理。

9-12.听力原文：M：A recent case I heard was of a man accused and found guilty of breaking into a house and stealing some money.

W：Well, was he really guilty, Judge?

M: He admitted that he’d done it，and there were several witnesses saying that he had indeed done it. So I can only assume that he was guilty.

W ：Why did he do it?

M：Well, the reasons were a little muddied. Probably at least it seemed in a trial that he did it to get some money to feed his family. You see, he’d been out of work for some time.

W：Well, he’d been out of work and he chose to break into a house to get money for his family and apparently in front of people that, er... could see him do it.

M：His attorney presented testimony that he had indeed applied for jobs and was listed with several employment agencies, including the State Employment Agency，but there weren’t any jobs.

W ：And he had no luck!

M: He had no luck and it’d been some time. He had two children and both of them were needing food and clothing.

W：So he was in desperate circumstances. Did you sentence him?

M：Yes.

W ：But what good does it do to put the man into jail when he’s obviously in such need?

M：This particular fellow has been in prison before.

W；For the same thing?

M：No, for a different sort of crime.

W：Huh?

M：But he did know about crime, so I suppose there are folks that just have to go back to prison several times.

9. What did the judge say about the case he recently heard?

A) Some witnesses failed to appear in court.

B) The case caused debate among the public.

C) The accused was found guilty of stealing.

D) The accused refused to plead guilty in court.

【预测】结合各选项语义A)“有些证人没能够出庭”、B) “案件在公众当中引起了争论”、C) “被告被 发现犯有偷窃罪”和D)“被告拒绝在法庭上认罪”推测，本题可能与法庭中的事实情况有关。听音时要注意相关细节的描述。

10.What do we learn about the man at the time of the crime?

A) He was out of his mind. C) His wife deserted him.

B) He was unemployed.D) His children were sick.

【预测】四个选项均与He有关，且各选项的语义均 为负面情况，A) “他丧失理智了”、B)“他失业了”C)“他的妻子离他而去”和D)“他的孩子们生病了”，由此推测某位男士的生活中一定出现了不如意的事件，且He与第9题中的The accused可能 为同一人，听音时要注意He所遭遇的事情。

11. What did the judge say about the accused?

A) He had been in jail before. C) He was unlikely to get employed.

C) He was unworthy of sympathy. D) He had committed the same sort of crime.

【预测】四个选项均以He开头，由A)中的“坐过 牢”、C)中的“可能找不到工作”以及D)中的“曾经 犯过同样的罪”可推测，本题中的He与第9题中的The accused和第10题中的He可能是同一人， 因此本题仍需要从录音中确认关于此人的具体信息。

答案详解：

9. C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】，对话中男士告诉女士他最近审理的一个案件是一位男士被指控犯有人室盗窃罪，他自己承认了罪行，而且有目击者称他确实入室盗窃了。

10. B)。细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。对话中男士告诉女士被指控犯有盗窃罪的那位男士已经有段日子没有工作了，选项中的unemployed与原文中的oyt of work同义。

11. A)。细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。对话中男士告诉女士那位被指控犯有盗窃罪的男士以前曾经坐过牢，但不是因为同一罪行。

Conversation Two

12、What does the man think of their present advertising agency?

A) Irresponsible. C) Aggressive

B)Unsatisfactory.D)Conservative.

【预测】四个选项均为形容词，由此推测问题可能 是询问某人的观点、态度，听音时要注意听形容词 所涉及的人或物，然后确定合适答案。

13、What would the woman be responsible for to Mr. Grunt?

A) Internal communication. C)Public relations.

B) Distribution of brochures. D) Product design

【预测】四个选项都是名词短语，均为工作中的任务分配，因此听音时需要确认对话中究竟涉及的是哪项工作。

14、What is the woman most interested in doing?

A) Placing advertisements in the trade press. C) Advertising in the national press.

B) Drawing sketches for advertisements. D) Making television commercials.

【预测】四个选项均为以动词-ing,形式开头的短语，且四个选项均是与广告有关的动作，因此听音时要注意区分与题干相关的是哪个动作。

15、What does the man think of the woman applicant?

A) She has the motivation to do the job. C) She is not so easy to get along with.

B) She knows the tricks of advertising. D) She is not suitable for the position.

听力原文：

M：Ah, how do you do, Miss Wenzmore?

W ：How do you do?

M：Do sit down.

W ：Thank you.

M: I’m glad you’re interested in our job. Now，let me explain it. We plan to increase our advertising considerably. At present, an advertising agency handles our account, but we haven’t been too pleased with the results lately and we may give our account to another agency.

W ：What would my work entail?

M：You’d be responsible to me for all advertising and to Mr. Grunt for public relations. You’d brief the agency whoever it is on the kind of advertising campaign we want. You would also be responsible for getting our leaflets, brochures and catalogs designed.

W：I presume you advertise in the national press as well as the trade press.

M：Yes, we do.

W：Have you thought about advertising on television?

M: We don’t think it’s a suitable medium for us. And it’s much too expensive.

W：I can just imagine a scene with a typist sitting on an old-fashioned typing chair, her back aching, exhausted, then we show her in one of your chairs, her back properly supported, feeling full of energy, typing twice as quickly.

M：Before you get carried away with your little scene, Miss Wenzmore, I regret to have to tell you again that we are not planning to go into television.

W: That’s a shame. I’ve been doing a lot of television work lately and it interests me enormously.

M：Then I really don5t think that this is quite the right job for you here, Miss Wenzmore.

答案详解：

12、B)。观点态度题【考频: ★★★】。对话中男士告诉女士他们对现在的广告代理近期做出的成果不太满意，选项中的Unsatisfactory是对原文中的haven’t been too pleased的同义转述。

13、C)。细士辨认题【考频:★★★】。对话中男士告诉女士她的工作责包括向男士负责所有广告事宜，向Gnmt先生负责公共关系事务。

14、D)。细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。对话中女士说她最近所做的工作很多都是电视广告，而她对此也十分感兴趣。

15、D)。观点态度题【考频: ★★★】。对话中男士很清楚地知道自己公司没有向电视媒体投放广告的计划，因此，当他了解到女士对电视广告很感兴趣时，他明确表示这份工作对她来说不合适。

Section B

Passage One

16、What does the speaker say characterizes American campuses?

A) The cozy communal life. C) Innovative academic programs.

B)The cultural diversity. D) Impressive school buildings.

【预测】由选项中出现的academic programs和 school buildings可推测，短文内容与大学生活有关。而由B)“文化的多样性”可以判断，短文所涉及的应该是国际教育情况，而不仅局限于本土教育。

17、What does Brown University President Vartan Gregorian say about students’ daily life?

A) It is very beneficial to their academic progress.

B) It helps them soak up the surrounding culture.

C) It is as important as their learning experience.

D) It ensures their physical and mental health.

【预测】四个选项均以It开头，由A) “它有益于学 业进步”、B) “它有助于他们吸收周边文化”、C)“它与学习体验一样重要”和D)“它保证他们的身心健康”可推测，“它”指的是对学生有利的某件 事物，因此听音时应重点注意“它”的益处。

18、In what way is the United States unrivaled according to the speaker?

A) It offers the most challenging academic programs.

B) It has the world’s best-known military academies.

C) It provides numerous options for students.

D) It draws faculty from all around the world.

【预测】由B)“它拥有世界上最著名的军事院校” 推测，“它”所指的应该是某一个国家，结合各选项语义进一步推测，本题可能与该国的教育现状相关。

听力原文：

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people’s minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America， it is assumed that a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience.”Foreign students also comein search of choices. America’s menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe，” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig，president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it’s like steering a supertanker.”

答案详解：

16、A)。事实细节题【考频: ★★★】。短文中提到，美国之外很少有大学重视让人倍感舒适的社区生活，从各式各样的倶乐部、运动队到学生专刊及戏剧社团，而这样的社区生活也正是美国大学的特征。

17、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。布朗大学校长非常明确地指出，在美国人的观念中，一般认为学生的日常生活与学习体验同等重要。

18、C)。细节推断题【考频: ★★★】。短文中提到，在美国，外国学生有着众多的选择，从研究型综合类大学，到州立研究所、私立人文类大学，到社区大学、教会学院以及军事院校，美国大学的种类繁多是世界其他地区所无法比 拟的。

19、B)。节推断题【考频:★★★】。短文最后提到，欧洲和日本的大学仅需要向本国的教育部负责，选项中的merely 与短文中的only意思相同。

Passage Two

20、What does the speaker say about the sea-link ferry?

A) It will arrive at Boulogne at half past two.

B) It crosses the English Channel twice a day.

C) It is now about half way to the French coast.

D) It is leaving Folkestone in about five minutes.

【预测】由A) “它将于2: 30抵达Boulogne”、B) “它每天穿越英吉利海峡两次”、C) “它现在正在去法国海岸的半路上”和D)“它将在大约五分钟 后离开Folkestone”可推测，It所指的是某种海上 交通工具，因此本题可能考查该种交通工具的运行情况。

21、Where is the snack bar situated?

A) Opposite the ship’s office. C) At the rear of B deck.

B) Next to the duty-free shop. D) In the front of A deck.

【预测】四个选项均是表示位置的短语，由此推测本题考查内容与地点方位有关。

22、What does the speaker say about the lounge on B deck?

A) It is for the sole use of passengers travelling with cars.

B) It is much more spacious than the lounge on C deck.

C) It is for the use of passengers travelling with children.

D) It is for senior passengers and people with VIP cards.

【预测】由B)“它比C甲板上的休息室要宽敞得多”可推测，“它”所指代的是“休息室”，本题可能考查该休息室的情况。

听力原文：

Hello, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome aboard your sea-link ferry from Folkestone to Boulogne and wish you a pleasant trip with us. We are due to leave Folkestone in about five minutes and a journey to Boulogne will take approximately two hours. We are getting good reports of the weather in the Channel and in France, so we should have a calm crossing. Sun and temperatures of 30 degrees Celsius are reported on the French coast. For your convenience on the journey, we’d like to point out that there are a number of facilities available on board. There’s a snack bar serving sandwiches and hot and cold refreshments situated in the front of A deck. There’s also a restaurant serving hot meals situated on B deck. If you need to change money or cash travellers’ checks, we have a bank on board. You can find the bank on C deck between the ship’s office and the duty-free shop. Toilets are situated on B deck at the rear of the ship and on A deck next to the snack bar. For the children, there’s a games room on C deck next to the duty-free shop. Here children can find a variety of electronic games. Passengers are reminded that the lounge on B deck is -for the sole use of passengers travelling with cars and that there is another lounge on C deck at the front of the ship for passengers travelling without cars. Finally，ladies and gentlemen,we’d like to wish you a pleasant journey and hope that you’ll travel with us again in the near future.

答案详解：

20、D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文开头部分非常明确地指出本次渡轮将于大约五分钟后离开Folkestone。

21、D)。细节辨认题【考频短文中明确指出snack bar位于A甲板的前部，故答案为D)。

22、A)。细节辨认题【考频：★★☆】短文临近结尾处说明，B甲板上的休息室仅供开车上渡轮的乘客使用。

Passage Three

23、How did the cave get its name?

A) It was named after its location.

B) It was named after its discoverer.

C) It was named after a cave art expert.

D) It was named after one of its painters.

【预测】四个选项均由It was named after开头，由节此推测本题是询问某事物是以什么命名的。

24、What is the old theory about the paintings in the cave?

A) Animal painting was part of the spiritual life of the time.

B) Deer were worshiped by the ancient Cro-Magnon people.

C) Cro-Magnon people painted animals they hunted and ate.

D) They were believed to keep evils away from cave dwellers.

【预测】A)和C)中出现了 painting, painted, animals等词，且B)和C)中都出现了Cro-Magnon people，由此推测本题考查的内容与克鲁马努人的动物壁画相关。

25、What do scientists readily admit according to the speaker?

A) They know little about why the paintings were created.

B) They have difficulty telling when the paintings were done.

C) They are unable to draw such interesting and fine paintings.

D) They have misinterpreted the meaning of the cave paintings.

【预测】所有选项均以They开头，由选项中出现的 know little, difficulty, unable, misinterpreted 以及四个选项中均出现的paintings推测，本题可能考查人们对壁画认识的不足之处。

听力原文：

On Christmas Eve in 1994, humans entered a cave in the mountains of southeastern France for what was probably the first time in 20 000 years. The vivid images of more than 300 animals that Jean-Marie Chauvet and his assistants found on the cave walls were like none that they had seen before. Unusual in the Grotte Chauvet, as the cave is now called in honor of its discoverer, are paintings of many flesh-eating animals. Other known caves from the same geographical area and time period contain only paintings of plant-eaters. The paintings in this cave refute the old theory that Cro-Magnon people painted animals that they hunted and then ate. Now many specialists believe that cave paintings were not part of a ritual to bring good luck to hunters. They point out that while deer made up a major part of their diet, there are no drawings of deer. They believe that the animals painted were those central to the symbolic and spiritual life of the times, animals that represented something deep and spiritual to the people. Scientists are hopeful that Grotte Chauvet will yield new information about the art and lifestyle of Cro-Magnon people. They readily admit, however, that little is understood yet as to the reasons why ice age artists created their interesting and detailed paintings. Scientists also wonder why some paintings were done in areas that are so difficult to get to, in caves, for example, that are 2400 feet underground, and accessible only by crawling through narrow passageways.

答案详解：

23、B)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文中提到Grotte Chauvet“肖维岩洞”因其发现者而得名。

24、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文中提到新发现的壁画推翻了以前的理论，以前,人们认为克鲁马努人所绘制的壁画都是他们自己猎到然后食用的动物。

25、A)。细节推断题【考频:★★★】。结尾处提到学者们都承认，他们对冰河时代的艺术家们绘制这些壁画的原因了解很少。

Section C

26、advantages。语义推断题【考频：★★★】。此空位于has和a lot of后面，因此应该填人名词或名词短语 作句子的宾语。结合录音填入advantages，意为“好处，益处”。

27、characterizes。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填人一个动词或动词词组作 that引导的定语从句的谓语。结合录音填入characterizes，意为“以……为典型，以……为特征”。

28、go out of their way。语义推断题【考频:★★★】。此空位于不定式符号to之后，因此需要填入一个动词 原形或动词原形词组构成to do不定式。结合录音可知答案为go out of their way，意为“尽力，费尽 心思”。

29、seeking out。并列关系题【考频: ★★★】。由空格后 的and talking to可以推断，空格处应填入动名词或动名词词组，与连接词and后面的talking to并列。结合录音填入seeking out，意为“找出”。

30、transition。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。由空格前的 The以及空格后的from可知，此处应该填入一个名 词或名词短语作句子的主语。结昝录音填入 transition，意为“转变，过渡”。

31、appropriate。语义推断题【考频:★★★】此空位于been之后，因此应该填入一个形容词或动词的分词形式。结合录音填入appropriate，意为“合适的，适用的”。

32、reluctant。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。此空位于be动词are之后，故应该填入一个形容词或动词的分词 形式。结合录音填入reluctant，构成词组be reluctant to do,意为“不情愿做，不愿意做”。

33、acknowledge。句意推断题【考频：★★★】。此空位于词组be willing to之后，故应填入一个动词原形或动词原形词组。结合录音可知答案为acknowledge，意为“承认”。

34、interferes with。语义推断题【考频: ★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入一个动词或动词词组作 that从句的谓语。结合录音填人interferes with，意为“干扰，妨碍”。

35、tensions。修饰关系题【考频: ★★★】此空位于 make之前family之后，故应该填人一个名词与 family构成名词短语作when引导的时间状语从句 的主语。结合录音可知答案为tensions，意为“紧张， 关系紧张的状态”。

PartⅢ Reading Comprehension

Section A

答案详解：

36、L)。形容词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。空格位于名词minds之前，谓语动词have之后，故空格处应填一个形容词或形容词性的分词或名词作定语。根据第一句及本句后半部分可知，儿童是天生的科学家且不害怕承认对某些事 情的无知，由此可见他们有求知心和好奇心，故inquiring“好奇的”符合句意,inquiring minds意为“好奇心”。

37、 O)。副词辨析题【考频：★★☆】空格所在句句子成分完整，故空格处应填一个副词作状语。文章第一、二句讲述孩子有好奇心，是天生的科学家，而空格所在句则指出他们中的大部分人长大后都会丧失这一优点，这在语义 上显示出了一种惋惜之情，备选副词中，unfortunately “不幸地”符合句意。

38、C)。名词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。空格前为谓语动词make,空格后为that引导的定语从句，故空格处应填一个名词作定语从句的先行词。由句首的Instead of可知，所填词应该与finding things out for themselves形成反 差，备选名词中，assumptions “假设”符合题意。

39、M)。名词辨析题【考频:★★★】空格前为killing the,故空格处应填一个名词作killing的宾语。第二段首句提到，问题不在于使儿童对科学产生兴趣，由此推断，空格处应填一个与“兴趣”相当的词。备选名词中，passion “激情”符合题意，故为答案。

40、B)。动词辨析题【考频:★★★】。空格所在句句意是:儿童天生就有一种模糊的知识的方法。备选项中，能与knowledge搭配的只有acquiring“获得”，故为答案。

41、K)。动词辨析题【考频:★★★】。 分析句子结构可知，who引导的定语从句的先行词为specialist teachers,该从句缺少谓语动词，故空格处应填动词。由先行词specialist teachers和空格处的宾语what they know的关系可 知，备选动词中，impart “传授”符合题意。

42、D)。名词辨析题【考频:★★★】。空格位于介词for之后，故空格处应填一个名词或者动名词。第二段倒数第三句提到，因为考虑到教育的实际情况，才不得不把课程划分成不同的专门科目，由此推出划分成不同的专门科目 为教育带来便利。备选项中符合语境的只有convenience“方便”,故为答案。

43、F)。动词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填一个动词作句子的谓语,且该动词能和from搭配。第三段末句指出，他们认为科学是为科学家而不是为他们准备的，再结合备选动词可知，exclude“把…… 排除在外”符合题意，故为答案。

44、 E)。副词辨析题【考频：★★☆】。空格位于动词specialise之后且位于句末，且specialise是不及物动词，所以空格处应填一个副词。结合末段第二句中的“我们每个人的生命都是有限的，所以我们不可能什么都学”可知，专业化是最终的必然。备选副词中，符合语境的只有eventually“最终”，故为答案。

45、H)。名词辨析题【考频：★★★】。空格前为并列连词and,因此空格处应填一个名词与and前面的knowledge并列。备选名词中，符合语境的只有exploration“探究”，故为答案。

Section B

Passage One

46、The author’s recent article examined how a meaningful life is different from a happy life.

D)。【译文】作者最近的文章探讨了有意义的生活与转快乐的生活有何不同。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的关键词a meaningful life 和a happy life 定位到段最后两句。D)段第二句提到，几个月之前， 作者写了一篇关于一项心理学研究的文章，该研究深入探讨了快乐对于人们来说究竟意味着什么;接着最后一句提到，作者在这篇文章中专门探讨了有意义的生活与快乐的生活之间的区别。 题干中的recent对应定位句中的A few months ago, examined how a meaningful life is different from a happy life 对应定位句中的 explored the difference between a meaningful life and a happy life,故答案为D)。

47、It should be noted that many people feel their life is both happy and meaningful.

N)。【译文】应该注意的是很多人觉得他们的生活既快乐又有意义。

【精析】同义转述题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的 关键词many people 和both happy and meaningful定位到N)段第一句。定位句提到，对于很多人而言，人生意义感和快乐感是互相重叠的;在研究中快乐与意义的衡量指标上，很多人同时得高分（或同时得低分）。定位句中的 overlap “重叠”表达了同时拥有的意思，因此题干 中的 many people feel their life is both happy and meaningful对应定位句中的for many people，a sense of meaning and happiness in life overlap，故答案为N)。

48、According to one survey, there is a close relationship between hedonic well-being measures and high scores on happiness.

H)。【译文】根据一项调查，享乐主义的幸福的衡量指 标与快乐的高指数之间存在着紧密的联系。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的关键词 hedonic well-being measures 和high scores on happiness定位到H)段最后一句。定位句提到，人们越赞同“享乐主义的幸福”或“快乐”这些衡量指标，他们的快乐指数就越高，由此可知，享乐主义的幸福的衡量指标与快乐的高指 数之间存在着紧密的联系。题干中的hedonic well-being measures 对应定位句中的 these measures of “hedonic well-being’’，high scores on happiness 对应定位句中的 the higher they scored on happiness，故答案为 H)。

49、According to one of the authors of a new study, what makes life meaningful may not make people happy.

F)。【译文】根据一项新研究的一位作者的看法，令生活变得有意义的事情不一定会使人们快乐。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的关键词one of the authors of a new study，makes life meaningful 和make people happy 定位到F)段最后两句。定位句提到，正如研究人员之一Roy Baumeister告诉我的:“作为人类，我们的部 分天性就是要照顾他人并为他人作出贡献。这虽然会令生活变得有意义，但并不一定会使我们快乐。” Roy Baumeister所从事的研究是该段第一句提到的研究，即C)段第一句提到的刚刚发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》(简称PNAS)上的一项新研究，由此可知Roy Baumeister是新研究的 作者之一。题干中的what makes life meaningful may not make people happy对应定位句中的This makes life meaningful but it does not necessarily make us happy,故答案为 F)。

50、Experiments were carried out to determine our body’s genetic expression of feelings of happiness and meaning.

J)。【译文】开展的实验是为了确定我们的身体对快 乐和意义感受的基因表达。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的关键词 our body’s genetic expression 和 feelings of happiness and meaning 定位到 J)段最后一句。 定位句提到，Cole和Fredrickson感兴趣的是身体如何在基因的层面上对快乐和意义的感受产生反应。题干中的our body’s genetic expression of feelings of happiness and meaning 对应定位句中的how the body, at the genetic level，responds to feelings of happiness and meaning，故答案为 J)。

51、A new study claims happiness may not contribute to health.

C)。【译文】一项新研究声称快乐不一定对健康有好处。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的关键词A new study 和 contribute to health 定位到C)段。定位段第一句提到，刚刚发表在《美国 国家科学院院刊》上的一项新研究对这一乐观描述发起了挑战，这一乐观描述即B)段最后一句的 观点 Inductions of well-being lead to healthy functioning, and inductions of ill-being lead to compromised health;定位段最后两句详细解释了该研究的观点:快乐可能并不像研究人员所认为的那样有利于身体健康，它甚至可能对身体健康有害。题干是对该段的概括，故答案为C)。

52、According to the researchers, taking makes for happiness while giving adds meaning to life.

E) 【译文】根据研究人员的看法，“索取”带来快乐而 “给予”为人生增添意义。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的 关键词taking和giving定位到E)段最后一句。定位句提到，研究人员在一个月的时间里调查了大量的样本人群，发现快乐与自私的“索取”行为相关，而有人生意义感则与无私的“给予”行为相关。题干中的taking makes for happiness对应定位句中的 happiness is associated with selfish “taking” behavior，giving adds meaning to life 对应定位句中的 having a sense of meaning in life is associated with selfless “giving” behavior, 故答案为E)。

53、Evidence from research shows that it takes meaning for people to thrive.

R)。【译文】研究证据显示，人们需要人生意义才能健 康长寿。

【精析】同义转述题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的关 键词Evidence，meaning和thrive定位到R)段第 三、四句。定位句提到,从该研究的证据看来，只有感觉良好似乎还不够，人们需要意义才能健康长寿。题干中的Evidence from research对应定位句 中的From the evidence of this study，it takes meaning for people to thrive 对应定位句中的People need meaning to thrive，故答案为 R)。

54、With regard to gene expression patterns, happy people with little or no sense of meaning in life are found to be similar to those suffering from chronic adversity.

L)。【译文】快乐之人如果只有很少或根本没有人生意义，其基因表达谱则与那些忍受长期逆境的人相似。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的关键词 gene expression patterns，little or no sense of meaning in life 和suffering from chronic adversity定位到L)段第一句。定位句提到，Cole 和Fredrickson发现，感到快乐但只有很少或根本没有人生意义的人，与应对并忍受长期逆境的人拥 有相同的基因表达谱。题干中的happy people with little or no sense of meaning in life 对应定位句中的 people who are happy but have little to no sense of meaning in their lives，suffering from 对应定位句中的enduring，故答案为L)。

55、Most books on happiness today assert that happiness is beneficial to health.

B)。【译文】如今大部分关于快乐的书籍都主张快乐有益于健康。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的关键词 assert 和beneficial to health 定位到 B)段 第一句。定位句提到，此类书籍的一贯主张之一 是，快乐与各种各样的良好生活状况相关，其中包括良好的健康状况。定位句中的books就是指段第二句提到的 over 1 000 books on happiness， 与题干中的books on happiness相对应，题干中的assert 对应定位句中的claims, happiness is beneficial to health 对应定位句中的happiness is associated with... good health，故答案为B)。

Section C

Passage One

答案详解：

56. A)。推理判断题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的business books定位到首段第一句。由定位句可知，商业书籍中最成功的当属成功学书籍。A)项中的excellence是对定位句中success的同义转述，故研究卓越的书籍最有可能大卖，故答案为A)。

57. C)。推理判断题【考频: ★★★】。由选项中的businessmen, analyses和corporate leaders定位到第二段。由定位段倒数第二句可知，成功学书籍的作者通常会讲述一些生动的故事，如杰出的商人如何将自己的个性烙印在公司上或如何在公司生死存亡的时刻挽救公司的命运。由此推断，大多数成功学书籍都会包含此类内容，即或多或少陷人了同样的模式化写作，故答案为C)。

58. B)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的The Three Rules定位到第二、三段。第二段最后一句提到，Messrs Raynor和Ahmed更喜欢反复琢磨数据:他们提供关于“计算优势元素”和“详细分析”的详细附录。第三段首句又指出，该书作者花费五年的时间研究了344家杰出公司的运行状况。由此可知，此书详细的分析是基于 海量的数据，这是其与其他成功学书籍的不同之处，故答案为B)。

59. A)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的the success of exceptional companies定位到第四段。由定位段第二至六句可知，杰出的公司在权衡利弊时总是会考虑到两个简单的原则:第一，打质量仗而不是价格仗。第二， 优先考虑收益而不是成本。也就是说，杰出公司能取得成功是因为他们关注质量和收益，故答案为A)。

60. D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的the author’s comment以及题文同序原则定位到最后一段。由定位段第五至八句可知，《三条规则》犯了另外一个错误，即陈述了一些显而易见的事实。对于“与其在价格上竞争而阻断你的成功之路，不如找到一个有利可图的隙缝市场，集中精力提高利润”这样的结论，大多数商人并不会感到惊讶。难的是如何找到有利可图的隙缝市场并对其进行保护。在这方面，《三条规则》用处并不大。由 以上内容可推断，作者认为《三条规则》未能指出成功的关键，故答案为D)。

Passage Two

答案详解：

61. A)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的the University of Kent定位到首段。定位段第一句和第三句指出，不久之前，肯特大学还为自己的亲民形象而感到自豪,但现在却致力于淡化其亲切的形象。由此可知，肯特大学曾以舒适的校园生活闻名，故答案为A)。

62. D)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的attract和题文同序原则定位到第三段第二句。由定位句可知，大学现在关注一些更切实的吸引力，如就业前景、与行业的密切程度以及与导师交流的时间，明确说明学生交了学费后将会得到什么。也就是说，许多大学现在致力于呈现更好的学术形象，借此吸引学生；同时，这与文章第—段末尾提到的大学致力于突出其学术性相呼应，故答案为D)。

63. C)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的Rob Behrens定位到第四段第三、四句。由定位句可知,Rob Behrens认为大学在给学生承诺时一定要十分谨慎，不然会有夸大其词的危险。由此推断，Rob Behrens建议大学不要作出无法兑现的承诺，故答案为C)。

64. B)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的students’chief consideration和choosingauniversity定位到第六段。定位段指出，学生不仅会更加成熟地考虑自己想从大学中得到什么，而且会花更多时间查证大学所宣称的内 容是否属实。由此可知，学生在择校时考虑的最主要的因素是大学能否提供他们所想要的东西，故答案为B)。

65.D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。根据选项内容和题文同序原则定位到倒数第二段。定位段第二句指出，虽然对于大学而言，最好的招生营销方式是要有自己擅长的领域，但是也要清楚地表述自己的独特之处。由此可知，展现自己的独到之处是在招生活动中获胜的关键，故答案为D)。

PartⅣ Translation

反映在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家(Taoist) 对自然的情感。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在饮茶下棋，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣， 画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药,或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家(Confucian)和道家的生活理想。

The ideal of rural life reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization, which to a large extent can be attributed to Taoist affection for nature. There are two favorite themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One theme depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the seniors are drinking tea and playing chess, men are sowing and reaping, women are weaving and sewing, and the children are playing outside. The other theme depicts all kinds of joys of the country life. In the paintings, fishermen are fishing on the lake；farmers are cutting firewood or gathering herbs in the mountains; or scholars are chanting poetry and painting pictures under the pines. These two themes can respectively represent Confucian and Taoist ideals of life.

难点注释：

1.第一句的主语较长，中心词是“乡村生活理想”；“反映在艺术和文学中的”可以处理为后置定语，译为reflected in the arts and literature。

2.第二句可以翻译成非限制性定语从句修饰第一句。也可以另起一句，翻译成This，to a large extent，can be attributed to Taoist affection for nature，但是在句子衔接方面没有翻译成非限制性定语从句连贯。

3.第三、四句可以合起来分析。通过分析中文可知，中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一个是家庭生活的幸福场景，一个是乡村生活的乐趣，因此翻译时，“传统中屆画有两个最受青睐的主题”可以单独翻译成一句话，随后另起两句翻译两个主题。为避免结构上的重复，介绍第一个主题中的具体场景时可用定语从句，介绍第二个主题中的具体场景时可以用一个单独的句子来表达。

4.最后一句中儒家和道家的生活理想”可以根据试题中给出的提示词翻译成Confucian and Taoist ideals of life。