说明：本套试题的听力部分由2008年6月真题听力优化而来，阅读理解中的篇章阅读由2013年6月真题篇章阅读优化 而来，其他试题均为多题多卷母题。

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解

PartⅠ Writing

1. 审题:这是一篇六级考试中常见的名言哲理类作文【考频:★★★】，体裁上属于常考的议论文。本次写作以“做好小 事”为主题，是考生日常生活中较为常见的话题，写起来并不难。考生应该将重点放在第二段，论证做好小事的重要 性，可以联系实际例子来说明做好小事对取得成功有着非常重要的意义。

2. 列提纲：

3. 语言:合理选用词语，多用复合句来提高文章的档次。

Doing Small Things in aGreat Way

Throughout the ages, only a few people can climb the ladder of success to the top and be admired by the world. What may surprise us is that most people achieve success by doing small things in a great way. Just as the saying goes,” If you cannot do great things, do small things in a great way. ” That means one does not necessarily become a great man, but he can still be successful and win respect from others by doing common work in a perfect way.

Actually, history abounds with examples to prove this saying. The late CEO of Apple, Steve Jobs, is a case in point. He was so addicted to details that he could not stop pushing his staff to pursue perfection in design and production. It is due to his focus on small things that Apple has made great success in the mobile field, producing products that are not only innovative, but also superior.

As college students, we should keep in mind that it is of great necessity for us to enhance ourselves by doing small things perfectly. Only when all small things add up can many impossibilities be made possible.

PartⅡ Listening Comprehension

1.听力原文：M：Good news! I am not going to have surgery after all. The doctor says I can start working out gain soon and maybe play football like before in a few weeks.

W：That’s terrific. It will be great if you could get back in shape in time for the World Cup.

Q：What do we learn from the conversation?

1.A) The man might be able to play in the World Cup.

B) The man’s football career seems to be at an end.

C) The man was operated on a few weeks ago.

D) The man is a fan of world-famous football players

【预测】四个选项都与The man有关，结合选项中出现的play，football，operated可以推测，对话与男士踢足球或者做手术有关，听音时要留意关于男士的表述。

【精析】A)。综合理解题【考频:★★★】。男士告诉女士自己不用做手术了，几周后有可能就可以像以前那样踢足球 了;女士回答说，如果男士能在举行世界杯时恢复健康就好了。可见男士有可能参加世界杯比赛。terrific在口 语中指“很好，太棒了”;in shape意为“处于良好状态”。

2.听力原文：M：I really need to make some extra money. Youknow, I’ve practically spent my entire budget for this semester.

W：Why not check out the new cafeteria at Market Street? I think there are still a few openings suitable for seniors like you

Q：What does the woman suggest the man do?

2. A) Work out a plan to tighten his budget.

B) Find out the opening hours of the cafeteria..

C) Apply for a senior position in the restaurant.

D) Solve his problem by doing a part-time job.

【预测】四个选项都以动词原形开头，结合选项语义可以推测对话围绕男士缺钱的情况以及如何赚钱展开，本题考查女 士对男士的建议。

【精析】D)。请求建议题【考频: ★★☆】。男士表示他这个学期的预算已经用光了，需要去赚钱;女士使用Why not...句式建议男士去市场街的新餐厅打听一下，她认为那里仍有合适的空缺岗位。换句话说，女士建议男士去做一份兼职工作来赚钱。

3.听力原文：M：I hear John left his cat in your care while he’s on vacation abroad. How are you getting along with it?.

W：Well, it never comes when I call it. It spills its food and sheds all over the place. I can’t wait till John gets back.

Q：How does the woman find the cat?

3. A) A financial burden.

B) A good companion.

C) A real nuisance.

D) A well -trained pet.

【预测】四个选项都是名词短语，结合D)中的pet可以推测，对话内容与对某种小动物的评价有关，听录音时应侧重表示观点态度的话语。

【精析】C)。观点态度题【考频: ★★☆】。男士询问女士与小猫相处得如何;女士说它一点也不听话，而且经常打翻食物，还到处掉毛，简直让人无法忍受。可见女士非常讨厌这只小猫。nuisance意为“令人厌烦的人或东西”。

4.听力原文：W：Hello, Prof. White. I got my grade in the mail this morning, but I think there might be a mistake in my mark.

M：Yeah, I’ve got several calls just like yours.There mlist be a problem with the computing system. It should be straightened out iii a couple.

Q：What does the man mean?

4. A) The errors will be corrected soon.

B) The woman was mistaken herself.

C) The computing system is too complex.

D) He has called the woman several times

【预测】由选项中出现的errors，mistaken，complex等可以推测，对话可能与某一错误或失误有关。由D)项的主语He 可以推测，本题可能考查What does the man mean?之类的问题。

【精析】A)。语义理解题【考频:★★★】。女士告诉男士(教授)她认为自己的分数有误;男士回答他已接到好几个反映此问题的电话了，估计是计算机系统出了毛病，并表示错误会在几个小时内得到纠正。straighten out意为“改正，解决，处理”。

5.听力原文：M：Prof. Johnson, last night when I was putting the finishing touches on my paper, a computer failure completely wiped out my files. Do you think I could have another day to retype it?.

W: I’m sorry,Rod. I’m leaving for a conference tomorrow and I’ll be away two weeks. I suppose you could send me an e-copy.

Q：Why does the man say he can’t submit his assignment on time?

5. A) He needs help to retrieve his files.

B) He has to type his paper once more.

C) He needs some time to polish his paper.

D) He will be away for a two-week conference..

【预测】四个选项都以He作主语,且出现files, paper等词，结合选项语义可以推测，对话内容与男士在写论文时遇到 的问题有关，听录音时应侧重有关男士的话语。

【精析】B)。目的原因题【考频: ★☆☆】。男士即将打完的论文因电脑出故障而丢失文件，所以他向教授申请多给一天 时间重新打出来。由此可见，男士不能按时交论文是因为电脑出现故障，要重新打。wipe out意为“抹去，消 除”;retrieve意为“重新得到，恢复”。

6.听力原文：W：I just called the travel agency. It5s all set. On June 1st, we are heading for the mountains, and we’ll be camping there for a whole week.

M：Have you checked the academic calendar? My classes aren?t over until the 8th.

Q：What does the man imply?

6. A) They might have to change their plan.

B) He has got everything set for their trip.

C) He has a heavier workload than the woman.

D) They could stay in the mountains until June 8.

【预测】由选项中出现的plan, trip, stay in the mountains等可以推测对话与讲话者的旅行计划有关。C)项语义与其 他三项语义差别较大，可被初步排除。

【精析】A)。弦外之音题【考频: ★☆☆】。女士告诉男士出行计划:6月1号出发去山区，并在那里野营一周；男士回答说，他的课程一直到8号才能结朿。可见，他们不得不改变计划。

7.听力原文：W：I thought there were still time for me to apply for a student loan, but someone just told me that the closing date was last Tuesday.

M：Are you sure? I thought we still had another month. Wait. I’ve got a brochure right here. Last Tuesday was the opening date.

Q: What does the man imply?

7. A)They have to wait a month to apply for a student loan.

B) They can find the application forms in the brochure.

C) They are not eligible for a student loan.

D) They are not late for a loan application

【预测】四个选项都以They作主语，并且多次出现student loan和application等，由此推测对话与讲话者申请助学贷款有关，听音时应留意相关信息。

【精析】D)。弦外之音题【考频: ★★☆】。女士告诉男士她本以为还有时间申请助学贷款，但是有人告诉她申请已于上周二截止;男士在查看了宣传手册(brochure)后确认，上周二是开始进行申请的时间。可见，他们还有时间申请助学贷款。

8.听力原文：W ：Look at all the pollutants going into the air from those factories. Do you think they’ll ever get that under control?

M：Now with the new laws in effect and social awareness increasing, we are sure to turn things around.

Q：What does the man mean?

8. A) New laws are yet to be made to reduce pollutant release.

B) Pollution has attracted little attention from the public.

C) The quality of air will surely change for the better.

D) It’ll take years to bring air pollution under control.

【预测】选项中提到了 pollutant release, Pollution，quality of air，air pollution等，由此推测对话与讲话者对环境污染的态度有关。

【精析】C)。观点态度题【考频:女女众】。女士对工厂向空气中排放污染物感到气愤，问男士这种情况是否能得到控 制;男士回答说，随着新法律的实施和社会意识的增强，这种局面一定能够得到扭转。可见，男士持乐观态度，认 为空气质量能够得到改善。turn around意为“好 转，扭 转，有 起 色”。

9-12.听力原文：

W：Tell me, Peter, what makes Harrods so famous?

M：Well, it’s the biggest department store in the UK, and its food hall and Egyptian hall are very famous. People come to Harrods just to see them.

W；What is special about the food hall?

M：It sells many different kinds of food. For example, it has 250 kinds of cheese from all over the world, and more than 180 kinds of bread. Customers also love all the different kinds of chocolate. They buy 100 tons every year.

W: That’s amazing，and why is the Egyptian hall so famous?

M：Well, when people see it they feel they’re in another world. It looks like an Egyptian building from 4 000 years ago, and it sells beautiful objects. They are not 4 000 years old, of course.

W:Is it true that Harrods produces its own electricity?

M:Yes，it does, 70%, enough for a small town. To light the outside of the building, we use 11 500 light bulbs.

W: Really? Tell me, how many customers do you have on an average day? And how much do they spend?

M:About 30 000 people come on an average day. But during the sales, the number increases to 300 000 customers a day. How much do they spend? Well，on average, customers spend about £1. 5 million a day. The record for one day is £ 9 million.

W :9 million pounds in one day?

M：Yes, on the first day of the January sales.

W: Harrods says it sails everything to everybody everywhere. Is that really true?

M：Oh, yes, of course. Absolutely everything.

9. What is the food hall of Harrods noted for?

A) Enormous size of its stores.

B) Numerous varieties of food.

C) Its appealing surroundings.

D) Its rich and colorful history.

【预测】四个选项中出现了 size，surroundings， history等词汇，并且前面都有表示褒义的形容词，

因此推测本题可能与对某物的评价有关。

10. What does the Egyptian hall seem like to the customers?

A) An ancient building.

B) A world of antiques.

C) An Egyptian museum.

D) An Egyptian memorial.

【预测】四个选项中出现了很多与各式建筑相关的词语，因此推测本题可能考查建筑的类型。

11. 11.What may customers find surprising about Harrods?

A) Its power bill reaches £ 9 million a year.

B) It sells thousands of light bulbs a day.

C) It supplies power to a nearby town.

D) It generates 70% of the electricity it uses.

【预测】四个选项的主语都与It相关，内容都与事 物的具体特点有关，因此推测本题可能提问某事物的特点，结合上两题可知，It指的可能是某建筑或地点。

12. About how many customers come to Harrods on an average day?

A) 11 500. C) 250 000.

B) 30 D) 300 000.

【预测】四个选项都是数字，说明本题与数字有关。 听音时需对提到的多个数字进行记录和辨别。

答案详解：

9.B)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。女士询问男士食品大厅有什么特别之处，男士说那里出售很多不同种类的食品，的内容与此一致。

10.A)。推理判断题【考频: ★★★】。女士询问男士为什么埃及大厅非常出名；男士囬答说，当人们看到它时,会感觉进人了另外一个世界，它看起来就像4 000多年前的古埃及建筑。

11.D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】，女士问男士哈罗兹自己发电的说法是否属实，男士表示确有此事,并解释说哈罗兹自己的发电量占到总用电量的70%。

12B)。时间数字题【考频: ★★☆】。女士询问哈罗兹商场平均每天有多少顾客光临,男士明确回答说大约3万人。D)有很强的干扰性，通过听下文可知30万是商场降价时的人数。

Conversation Two

13.What was the woman doing when the man last saw her?

A) Transferring to another department.

B) Studying accounting at a university.

C) Thinking about doing a different job.

D) Making preparations for her wedding.

【预测】选项中，A)和C)与工作有关，B)与学习相 关，D)与结婚有关，这些都是个人生活的组成部分,故推测本题可能提问个人生活某个方面的情况。

14.Why does the woman say she was relieved?

A) She has finally got a promotion and a pay raise

B) She has got a satisfactory job in another company.

C) She could at last leave the accounting department.

D) She managed to keep her position in the company.

【预测】四个选项的主语都是She,且都提到了与工 作有关的词语，故推测本题与She的工作情况 有关。

15.Why is the woman surprised at the man’s news?

A) He and Andrea have proved to be a perfect match.

B) He changed his mind about marriage unexpectedly.

C) He declared that he would remain single all his life.

D) He would marry Andrea even without meeting her.

【预测】四个选项的主语都与He有关，而且提到了与婚姻相关的词汇，如match，marriage，remain single, marry，故推测本题与He的婚姻情况有关。

听力原文：

W：Hi, Kevin.

M: Hi, Lora. Long time no see. What have you been up to lately?

W： Not much, I can assure you. And you?

M： Much the same except I do have some big news.

W： Come on, this suspense is killing me.

M: No, really. What have you been doing these past few weeks? Ihe last time I saw you, you were looking for a new job.

W： Well, that’s not exactly true. I was thinking about changing jobs. Luckily, they offered me a new position in the accounting department.

M：A step up in the big business world.

W：I wouldn’t exaggerate, but I’m pleased. I had been hoping to get a promotion for a while，sowhen it finally came through I was relieved. Actually, that’s why I was looking for a new job. I just didn’t want to work there anymore if they weren’t going to recognize my efforts.

M： Right, sometimes you can do your best and it seems like the others don’t know you exist. I hope the money is better.

W：I got a reasonable raise. Now, enough about me. I’m dying to hear your news.

M:I’m getting married.

W： No, you said you’d never get married.

M： That was then, and this is now. You’ve got to meet Andrea. She is great.

W： This is all news to me. I didn’t even know you were dating.

M: We weren’t. We’ve just been dating for two weeks now.

W : And you are getting married?

M: I know. I can’t help it. I just know she is the one.

W： Well, congratulations! That’s fantastic.

M： Thanks, I’m glad to hear you feel that way.

答案详解：

13、C)。细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。话中，男士询问女士最近在忙着做什么，并回忆说上次碰见她时，她正忙着 找工作;女士纠正说，她不是在找工作，而是在考虑换工作。

14、A)。目的原因题【考频: ★★☆】。对话中女士提到，对于原来那份工作，她一直期待着能够得到晋升，当真正得到晋升时女士感觉很欣慰。因此，女士感到欣慰的原因是她升职加薪了。

15、B)。目的原因题【考频: ★★☆】。男士告诉女士他马上要结婚了，女士感到很惊讶，因为男士曾说过他一辈子不结婚。可见，女士感到惊讶是因为男士对婚姻的看法发生了出人意料的转变。

Section B

Passage One

16、What does the speaker say about water scooters?

A) They are motorcycles designated for water sports.

B) They are speedy boats restricted in narrow waterways.

C) They are becoming an efficient form of water transportation.

D) They are getting more popular as a means of— water recreation

【预测】四个选项都陈述了某种交通工具的优点， 而且提到了water sports，waterways 和 water recreation等与水有关的词语，故推测本题考查某 项水上运动的优点。

17、What is mentioned as one of the causes of water accidents?

A) Water scooter operators’lack of experience.

B) Vacationers’ disregard of water safety rules.

C) Overloading of small boat and other craft.

D) Carelessness of people boating along the shore.

【预测】选项中提到了lack, disregard，Overloading 和Carelessness等表示负面含义的词语，由此推测 本题与某种错误做法有关。

18.In what way are water scooters said to be an environmental nuisance?

A) They scare whales to death.

B) They produce too much noise.

C) They discharge toxic emissions.

D) They endanger lots of water life.

【预测】选项中提到了scare whales to death， noise，toxic emissions 和 endanger lots of water life等与环境污染有关的词汇和短语，因此听音时 需要关注They指代的具体内容及其特点。

19.What does the speaker propose to ensure the safety of beaches for recreation?

A) Expand operating areas.

B) Restrict operating hours.

C) Limit the use of water scooters.

D) Enforce necessary regulations.

【预测】四个选项都以动词原形开头，而且都是与 保证安全相关的建议，由此推测本题可能考查应采取哪种安全措施。

听力原文：

Water scooters are water vehicles that look very much like motorcycles. Nowadays, speedy colorful water scooters are gaining in popularity. They can travel anywhere a small boat can and are typically popular with young people. The rising popularity of the craft has raised a question of water scooter regulation. In this case, the argument for strict regulation is compelling. Water scooters are a particularly deadly form of water recreation. For example, two women were vacationing in Longboat Key. While they were floating on a rubber boat along the shore, a water scooter crashed into them and killed them. Also, water scooter operators have been killed and seriously injured in collisions with other water craft. Others have been stranded at sea when their scooters either failed or sank far from shore. Many water scooter operators are inexperienced and ignorant of navigational rules, which increases the potential for accidents. The increasing popularity of the scooter has aggravated the problem, providing more water vehicles to compete for the same space. Crowded waterways are simply an open invitation to disaster. In addition to the inherent operational hazards of water scooters, they are proving to be an environmental nuisance. Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters. The Pacific Whale Foundation on the west coast expressed concern that the scooters are frightening away an endangered species of whale that migrates to Hawaii for breeding. Regulations, such as minimum operating age, restricted operating areas, and compulsory classes in water safety, are essential. Without such regulations, tragedies involving water scooters are sure to multiply, which makes many beaches unsafe for recreation.

答案详解：

16、D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。短文开头对水上摩托车进行了介绍，提到它正越来越受欢迎，接着指出水上摩托车是一种致命的水上娱乐方式。综合可知，水上摩托车作为一种水1娱乐方式深受欢迎。

17、A)。细节推断题【考频: ★★★】。短文中提到,许多水上摩托车的操作人员缺乏操作经验，并且无视航海规定，这就使发生事故的可能性大大增加。结合选项,A)为其中的原因之一。

18、B)。细节推断题【考频: ★★★】。短文中提到，水上摩托车是，种环境公害，之后进行了解释:海滩上的居民埋怨其噪音，随后又提到噪音甚至吓跑一种前往夏威夷繁殖后代的濒临灭绝的鲸鱼。由此可知，水上摩托车产生 了太多噪音，从而影响了环境。

19、D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。针对水上摩托车产生的众多问题，短文在结尾处提出建议，如设定最小驾龄、限定驾驶水域及学习水上安全的必修课程等。结合四个选项，仅有D)表述正确。

Passage Two

20、What does the speaker say about the relations among neighbors nowadays?

A) They are stable.

B) They are close.

C) They are strained.

D) They are changing

【预测】四个选项的主语都是They，而且后面的表 语都是对They的属性的描述，故听音时应关注 They指代的具体内容及其属性信息。

21、Why does the speaker say it may be difficult for people to love their neighbors?

A) They are fully occupied with their own business.

B) Not many of them stay in the place for Long.

C) Not many of them can win trust from their neighbors.

D) They attach less importance to interpersonal relations.

【预测】四个选项中有三个出现了否定词Not或 less，且C)和D)中出现了表示人际关系的词语，故推测本题可能考查某种人际关系不成功的原因。

22、What should neighbors do in the speaker’ opinion?

A) Count on each other for help.

B) Give each other a cold shoulder.

C) Keep a friendly distance.

D) Build a fence between them.

【预测】四个选项都以动词原形开头，且都出现了表现人际关系的词语，故推测本题可能考査如何正确处理人际关系的问题。

听力原文：

It seems to me that neighbors are going out of style in America. The friend next door from whom you borrowed four eggs or a ladder has moved and the people in there now are strangers. Some of the traditional stories of neighborliness are impractical or silly，and it may be just as well that our relations with our neighbors are changing. The saying in the Bible “Love Thy Neighbor” was probably a poor translation of what must have originally been “Respect Thy Neighbor.” Love can’t be called up on order. Fewer than half the people In the United States live in the same house they lived in five years ago, so there's no reason to love the people who live next door to you just because they happened to wander into a real estate office that listed the place next door to yours. The only thing neighbors have in common, to begin with, is proximity, and unless something more develops, that isn’t reason enough to be best friends. It sometimes happens naturally, but the chances are very small that your neighbors will be your choice as friends. Or that you will be theirs, either. The best relationship with neighbors is one of friendly distance. You say hello, you small-talk if you see them in the yard, you discuss problems as they arise and you help each other in an emergency. The driveway or the fence between you is not really a cold shoulder, but a clear boundary. We all like clearly- defined boundaries for ourselves.

答案详解：

20、D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对于现在的邻里关系，文中明确提到，我们与邻居的关系正在发生变化。

21、B)。目的原因题【考频::★★☆】。文中提到，不超过一半的美国人在一个地方的居住时间超过五年，很难建立深厚的邻里友谊，所以这也是人们很难喜欢邻居的原因之一。B)是对此句的简短概括。

22、C)。事实细节题【考频: ★★★】。对于处理邻里关系，短文在结尾处提出了建议:最佳的邻里关系是保持一种友好的距离。C)是对该意思的同义转述。

Passage Three

23、Why are many Americans concerned with the increasing dropout rate in school?

A) It may produce an increasing number of idle youngsters.

B) It may affect the quality of higher education in America.

C) It may cause many schools to go out of operation.

D) It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers.

【预测】四个选项的动词为produce, affect, cause，lead to,均为表示结果或影响的词语，由此推测本题可能考查某一事件带来的后果或影响。

24、What do we learn about the student dropout problem in America?

A) It is less serious in cities than in rural areas.

B) It affects both junior and senior high schools.

C) It results from a worsening economic climate.

D) It is a new challenge facing American educators.

【预测】四个选项的主语都是It,A)和D)是对It 的评价，B)和C)是对其影响和来源的论述，由此推测本题可能考查某一现象的细节问题s

25、What is mentioned as one of the strategies used to motivate students?

A) Allowing them to choose their favorite teachers.

B) Creating a more relaxed learning environment.

C) Rewarding excellent academic performance.

D) Helping them to develop better study habits.

【预测】四个选项的内容都是针对提髙学生成绩而 采取的措施，由此推测本题可能考査具体采取哪一种措施来提髙学生的成绩或学习兴趣。

听力原文：

Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports on radio and television reflect the concern of many Americans about the increasing dropout rate in our junior and senior high schools. Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer have a workforce to fill the many jobs that require properly educated personnel. The high student dropout rate is not a recent development. Ten years ago, many urban schools were reporting dropout rates between 35 and 50 percent. Some administrators maintain that dropouts remain the single greatest problem in their schools. Consequently, much effort has been spent on identifying students with problems in order to give them more attention before they become failures. Since the dropout problem doesn’t start in senior high school, special programs in junior high school focus on students who show promise but have a record of truancy, that is, staying away from school without permission. Under the guidance of counselors, these students are placed in classes with teachers who have had success in working with similar young people. Strategies to motivate

students in high school include rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the months or by issuing articles of clothing, such as school letter jackets formally given only to athletes. No one working with these students claims to know how to keep all students in school. Counselors, teachers and administrators are in the frontlines of what seems at times to be a losing battle. Actually，the problem should be everyone’s concern, since uneducated, unemployed citizens affect us all.

答案详解：

23、D)。目的原因题【考频: ★★☆】。短文开头就提到学生辍学率不断提高所带来的不良影响:会导致将来缺乏具有适当教育水平的社会劳动力，该结果也正是许多美国人担心此事的主要原因。

24、B)。综合理解题【考频: ★★☆】。对于美国学生辍学这一问题，文中提到綴学现象不是开始于高中，而是在初中就已经出现了。换句话说，辍学现象对初、高中都产生了影响。

25、C)。细节推断题【考频: ★★★】。短文最后论述了解决辍学问题的办法。在高中，对学生的激励政策包括奖励学习优秀的学生，或者指定每月的奖学金获得者，或者发放衣服。

Section C

答案详解：

26、survive。语义推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入一个动词（词组），与空格前的 不定式符号to构成不定式结构。结合录音填人 survive，意为“幸存，活下来”。

27、complicated。句意推断题【考频: ★★★】。分析句子 结构可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词(词组)作系动词get的表语。根据句意可判断此处应填一个表示 “复杂的”之意的单词。结合录音填入complicated。

28、offcndere。语义推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结 构可知，空格处应该填入一个名词（词组）作putting 的宾语。.空格后who引导的定语从句是对空格处名 词的进一步解释，意为“没有伤害到他人的人”。结合 录音填入offenders,意为“犯 罪 者”。

2 9、incurring。语义推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入名词或动名词作介词短语 instead of的宾语。结合录音填人incurring, incur a debt意为“欠债” 。

30、under the influence of。习惯搭配题【考频：★★☆】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填人一+介词结构连 接空格前的coming以及空格后的hardened criminals。结合录音填入under the influence of,意 为“在……的影响下”。

31、serving for。习惯搭配题【考频：★★☆】。由空格前的are以及空格后的serious crimes推测，空格处应 填入一个动词（词组）的分词形式。结合录音填入 serving for,意为“服役，服刑”。

32、restore。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结构 可知，空格处应该填入一个动词（词组），与其前的不 定式符号to构成不定式结构。结合录音填人 restore,意为“恢复”。

33、plea。修饰关系题【考频: ★★☆】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入一个名词被insanity修饰。_结合录 音填入plea，意为“借 口”。

34、intentionally。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。空格所在部分who引导的定语从句结构完整，故推测空格处应填入一个副词(词组）。结合录音填人intentionally， 意为“故 意 地”。

35、committed。语境同现题【考频：★★☆】。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句缺少谓语成分。结合 录音填人committed，意为“犯 罪，做 错 事”。

PartⅢ Reading Comprehension

Section A

答案详解：

36、C)。动词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。该空格位于With引导的介词短语中，由短语中的or和hidden可推知，所填词也应是动词过去分词形式，表示被动。文章首句提到，游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格，由此可 知,信息都是公开透明的，而不是被某个旅行社所“掌控”，备选动词中，controlled “控制”符合题意，故为答案。

37、L)。动词辨析题【考频:★★★】。该空格位于动词helped之后，名词prices之前，据此判断应填人动词原形，构成help (sb.) do sth.的结构。由第一段首句可知，游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格，也就是说，旅 游网站可以帮助游客选择报价更低的航班和酒店。结合备选项，slash “大幅度削减”符合题意。

38、M)。动词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。空格位于后置定语中，用来补充说明在线评价平台涉及的领域，故应填入现在分词，且能与in构成固定搭配。备选动词中，表示“涉及”且能与in搭配的现在分词只有specializing“专门从 事”，故为答案。specialize in为固定搭配，意为“专攻”。

39、K)。名词辨析题【考频:★★★】。空格位于被动语态中by引导的介词短语里，表示动作的实施者，由此推断应填人表示人或机构的名词。备选名词中，professionals “专业人士”符合题意，故为答案。备选项中，spectators “观 众”虽然满足语法要求，但其含义与上下文不符，故排除。

40、E)。动词辨析题【考频:★★★】。空格位于助动词has之后，宾语a new relationship之前，据此判断应填入过去分词。由宾语a new relationship可知，所填动词应该表示“建立，构建”等意思。备选动词中，forged“形成，缔造”符合题意，故为答案。

41、A)。形容词辨析题【考频：★★★】。由空格前的are much more可以推断应填入形容词.结合后半句中的powerful和improve service可知，空格处应填表示积极意义的形容词。备选形容词中，符合要求的只有accountable “负有责任的”，故为答案。

42、F)。名词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。该空格位于形容词powerful之后，动词不定式to improve之前，据此判断应填人名词。根据上下文推断，在线评价这种方式对旅游业改进服务起到了促进作用。备选名词中,符合该语境的 只有incentives“刺激，动力”，故为答案。

43、B)。名词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。该空格位于名词所有格之后,据此判断应填人名词。备选名词中，符合语境的是capacity “能力”，这里表示网站能聚合大量的评价。

44、H)。动词辨析题【考频: ★★★】。该空格位于be动词之后，可填入形容词或者动词的过去分词。最后一段第二、三句主要讲述好评价的重要作用,故空格所在句也应该是讲好评价的重要性。备选词中overstated “夸张，夸 大”符合文意，故为答案。cannot be overstated意为“再夸张也不为过”。

45、O)。副词辨析题【考频: ★★☆】。该空格位于动词provide之前，而且即使去掉该空格，也不会影响到句意,因此推断此处应填人副词。由空格所在句中的good reviews和more positive feedback可知，所填人的副词应能体现 出时间先后顺序。备选副词中，subsequently“随后，接着”符合文意，故为答案。

Section B

Passage One

46. It is best to use an EMV card for international travel.

H)。【译文】出国旅行的时候最好使用芯片卡。

【精析】同义转述题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的international travel 定位到 H)段最后一句。H)段首句指出，一些大银行正主动为客户提供将 磁条卡转换为芯片加密码卡的服务。随后采用设 问句给出了建议,即如果你要出国旅游的话，那么你就应该接受这种服务，也就是说，出国旅行时最 好使用芯片卡。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答 案为H)。

47、Personal information on credit and debit cards is increasingly vulnerable to hacking.

B)。【译文】信用卡和借记卡上的个人信息越来越容 易受到黑客攻击。

【精析】细节推断题【考频：★★☆】由题干中的 credit and debit cards Mincreasingly vulnerable 定位到B)段if两句。定位句提到刷卡”是关键 词:当你在商店里购物的时候，你的信用卡越来越 容易受到攻击，在最近的几起事件当中，黑客通过 将恶意软件秘密植入零售店的销售点结算登记系统，进而获取信用卡、借记卡或储值卡中的大量信息。题干中的hacking对应定位句中的attacks, 题干是对定位句的推断，故答案为B)。

48、The French card companies adopted EMV technology partly because of inefficient telephone service.

G)。【译文】法国信用卡公司采用芯片技术的部分原因在于电话服务效率低。

【精析】同义转述题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的 French和inefficient定位到G)段倒数第二句。 定位句提到，在法国，信用卡公司之所以会创造芯 片卡，部分原因在于电话垄断导致该过程低效得让人极度恼火，而且价格高昂。题干中的partly 对应定位句中的in part，题干与定位句意思一致， 故答案为G)。

49、While many countries use the smarter EMV cards, the US still clings to its old magstripe technology.

C)。【译文】虽然很多国家都在使用更加智能的芯片 卡，美国仍然坚持使用旧磁条技术。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的 EMV，the US 和magstripe technology 定位到段第三句。定位句提到，当美国人还在使用40 年之前的磁条技术来处理信用卡交易的时候，国 外许多国家都在使用一种利用芯片加密技术的信 用卡，这种卡更智能。题干中的clings to对应定 位句中的use，题干中的smarter和EMV都能在定位句中找到相同的单词，故答案为C)。

50、Attempts are being made to prevent hackers from carrying out identity theft.

A)。【译文】人们正在作各种努力以防止黑客窃取身份信息。

【精析】细节归纳题【考频: ★☆☆】。由题干中的identity theft定位到A)段第三句。定位句提到，银行、执法和技术公司都努力与黑客作斗争，这些黑客在盗用用户的账号、姓名、邮箱地址和其他关键的身份信息方面很有一手。题干是对定位句的概括总结，故答案为A)。

51、Credit cards are much safer to use than debit cards.

I)。【译文】相比借记卡，信用卡使用起来更安全。

【精析】同义转述题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的述Credit cards，much safer 和 debit cards 定位到

I)段首句。定位句指出，但是也要记住，相比借记卡，信用卡能提供更好的责任保护。由此可见，信用卡用起来要比借记卡更安全。题干是对 定位句的同义转述，故答案为I)。

52、Big banks have been reluctant to switch to more secure technology because of the higher costs involved.

D)。【译文】各大银行不愿改用更安全的技术是因为成本更高。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的断Big banks 和more secure technology 定位到 D)段前两句。定位句提到，各大银行没有采用这 项更为安全的技术是因为邮寄新的信用卡需要考 虑到相关成本。由此可知，各大银行没有采用这 项更为安全的技术是因为成本高。题干中的 switch to对应定位句中的adopted,故答案为D)。

53、The potential liability for retailers using magstripe is far more costly than upgrading their registers.

L)。【译文】零售商使用磁条所面临的潜在债务要远 远高于升级存储设备的费用。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】由题干中的_ The potential liability, far more costly 和 registers定位到L)段第一句。定位句提到，塔吉 特和尼曼发生的黑客事件也改变了成本计算:据凯捷公司的咨询师估计，要想将它们所有的存储 设备都转变为与芯片加密码的信用卡兼容的设备，大约需要67.5亿美元,虽然零售商不愿花这 笔钱，但是它们现在面临的潜在债务却在急剧增加。由此可知，零售商面临的潜在债务要高于将 所有的存储设备都转变为与芯片加密码的信用 卡兼容的设备的费用。题干中的far more costly 是对定位句中的dramatically greater的同义转述，故答案为L)。

54、The use of magstripe cards by American retailers leaves consumers exposed to the risks of losing account information.

F) 。【译文】美国零售商使用磁条卡会使消费者面临 丢失账户信息的风险。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的 magstripe，retailers 和 consumers 定位到 F)段第 一句。定位句提到，美国零售商几乎已成为世界 上唯一使用磁条技术收费的商家，这使得美国消费者非常容易受到侵害。题干中的exposed to the risks对应定位句中的vulnerable，题干是对 定位句的细节推断，故答案为F)。

55、Consumers will be a driving force behind the conversion from magstripe to EMV technology.

O)。【译文】消费者将会是磁条技术转变为芯片加密 码技术背后的一个推动力量。

【精析】细节推断题【考频: ★★☆】。由题干中的 Consumers, a driving force 和 conversion 定位 到O)段倒数第二句。定位句提到，这就是可能我们还是会依赖消费者来推进向芯片加密码方向发展的原因。题干中的a driving force behind the conversion 是对定位句中的move the needle 的同义转述，故答案为O)。

Section C

Passage One

答案详解：

56、A)。推理判断题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的the first paragraph直接定位到第一段。文章开篇首句指出，来自劳工统计局的报告正如预料的那样糟糕:一月份的失业率达到了16年以来的最高水平。这说明美国经济状况恶化，故答案为A)。

57、D)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的unemployment figures和other statistics定位到第二段首句和第三句。文章第二段主要指出作者对失业率的数字和其他数据的看法。文中提到，我们依靠失业率的数字和其他数据来作出评价，但问题是这些数据并没有客观反映现实，它们只是最接近现实而已，所以选D)。

58、B)。细节辨认题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的problem和payroll survey定位到第三段第四至六句。定位句指出，电话调查和工资单调查都存在问题。工资单调查的问题在于很容易把某人“算重”及无法获知个体经营者的数量，故B)为答案。

59、C)。细节辨认题【考频：★★★】。由题干中的household survey定位到第四段，最终定位到第二句。定位句指出，当人们被直接询问的时候，如果话题涉及性、金钱和工作，人们通常会撒谎或者掩盖事实，即人们不会提供真实的信息，故C)为答案。

60、B)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。.由题干中的At the end of the passage直接定位到末段，最终定位到末句。文章末句指出，一个更关键的问题在于两党的重大决策都是基于大致估计，而并非用批判的眼光和开放性思维来审阅大量的原始数据资料。言下之意是指决策者应该用批判的眼光和开放性思维看待失业率数字，故B)为答案。

Passage Two

答案详解：

61、A)。语义理解题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的the year 2008定位到首段。定位段指出，2008年人类来到一个历史性的起点，因为在那一年人类在历史上第一次成为城市人口占主导的种群，即城市人口远超农村人口。故A)为答案。

62、B）细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的urbanisation定位到第二段。文章第一段提出城市化的话题。第二段第一句指出，这个趋势没有减缓的迹象，B)中will not slow down是对原文中shows no sign of slowing的同 义转换，故B)为答案。

63、D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的Peter Smith’s new book定位到第_段。文章第三段第三、四句提到，史密斯先生的书以一种迷人的模式呈现出来;又提到这是一本让人如沐春风的指导书，它主要包含公园及多年来提出的让城市变得完美的各种各样的项目。换言之，它生动有趣，故D)为本题的答案。

64、D)。细节辨认题【考频: ★★★】。由题干中的the chapter on skyscrapers定位到第四段。由定位段可知，史密斯先生在摩天大楼那一章，阐述了建筑方法、自动电梯等问题，同时谈及一些稀奇的理论，比如关于摩天大楼指数的结论，即建筑摩天大楼的热潮很明显地预示着即将发生的衰退，故D)为答案。

65 C)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的criticism定位到末段。末段首句提到,对史密斯先生的书的一个显著的批评是:文章涉及内容过于广泛，而深度不够，未能对城市生活进行深人探讨，故C)为答案。

PartⅣ Translation

汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对 外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收人9 000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间，科技方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日晷（sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。 汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最 终导致了它的灭亡。

译文：The Han dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. There are lots of remarkable achievements during the reign of the Han dynasty. Being the first dynasty to open the door to other cultures, it excelled in foreign trade. The Silk Road opened in the Han dynasty led to Central and Western Asia，even Rome. With all sorts of art schools flourishing, there appeared many great works in literary, history, and philosophy. In 100 AD，China’s first dictionary was completed which included 9 000 characters, providing definitions and different way to write the characters. During the period, the science and technology had also made grade progress, with paper water clock, sundials and instruments used to measure earthquakes invented. Though The Han dynasty had a history of 400 years, the corruption of its rulers finally contributed to its collapse.