感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语中的感叹句的表现形式主要有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。主要区别是:what修饰名词(名词前可加冠词和形容词),how修饰形容词、副词或动词。
举例说明,如下:
由感叹词what引导的感叹句
1.① What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
② What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
如: What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
如: What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词)
1.How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
如: How hard the workers are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
2. How+主语+谓语!
如:How time flies! 时光飞逝!
备注:(1)how与what有时可以互换,句意相同。例:
*How clever a girl she is! = What a clever girl she is!
*What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are!
(2)how或what引导的感叹句在表示强烈激动的感情时,在特定的语境中常用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去。例:
*How wonderful!
*What a fine day!
(3)how或what引导的感叹句本身表达一种强烈的感情,一般不含有very、rather、quite、extremely等词,以免语意重复。例:
* How very fast he runs!
* What extremely beautiful flowers they are!