还原解题法是将英语选择题简化后再解题的一种方法，主要是将疑问句、感叹句、倒装句、强调句、被动语态、定语从句、附带从句或插入语的句子，省略句还原成肯定句、陈述句、非倒装句、非强调句、主动语态、双句、没有从句或插入语、句式完整的句子、使题目简化成学生比较熟悉的结构后再将题目解出来。

在所有雅思题型中，最让人头疼的是以信息量著称的选择题，而单选题是各类选择题的基础形式。今天我们就来讲下雅思听力选择题单选中的代词还原解题法。

1. 语法依据英语是形合的语言，所以形式语法对于英语本身也是非常重要的存在。结合欧洲语言传统，英语对性数配合有着一定的偏执要求。就代词来说最重要的作用就是起到性数配合。对于数量，复数用they, 单数用it。不能混用。在雅思听力的应考过程中，由于录音只播放一次的缘故，很多人会有选择性地挑选注意力集中的地方，从而忽略了某些细节。但代词的接替方法以及在例题中的应用题型有的人对于最简单的英语灵活运用恰恰体现了对于在篇章中检索信息的能力。 2. 例题本文的例题来自于剑桥真题13 Test 2 Section 3 Question 25。通常Section 3的话题非常固定。大部分都是老师与学生或者学生与学生讨论研究项目的步骤。而通常都会有一题会问what do they decided to do next. 例题如下：(13-2-3-25) What does the tutor advise Russ to do next while preparing his presentation?A. Summarise the main point he wants to make B. Read the notes he has already madeC. List the topics he wants to cover通过初步的审题可以看到，题干的人物定位是the tutor，为女声。名词定位是Russ，动词定位是to do。选项中出现的是summarise the main point, read the notes和list the topics。有题干中的动词do可以替换三个动词。所以选项简化为do the main point, do the notes, do the topics。所以需要注意的点应该是三个名词在原文中出现的顺序以及替换形式。 3. 解析通过原文可以看到Russ: what do you think I should do next? I really have to plan the presentation today and tomorrow.Tutor: well, initially I think you should ignore all the notes you’ve made, take a small piece of paper and write a single short sentence that ties together the whole presentation: it can be something as simple as “Nanotechnology is already improving our lives.” Then start planning the content around that. You can always modify that sentence later it you need to. 女声的首句ignore the notes排除B选项，然后以a short sentence 来替换the main point。这是考点最频繁的替换解题法。其次，从代词还原解题法的角度来说, 原文第二句和第三句话用来补充首句的观点，可以从侧面印证作者观点。其中的代词it和that指代单数，所以排除B选项和C选项，从而选择A4. 练习选取剑桥真题11 Test3 Section 2 Question 15The largest number of people are employed in A. manufacturingB. servicesC. education Employment patterns have changed, along with almost everything else. The number of schools and colleges has increased, making that the main employment sector. Services, such as website design and accountancy have grown in importance, and surprisingly manufacturing hasn’t seen the decline that has affected it in other parts of country.这道例题中定位people, be employed. 用代词that来还原解题排除B，然后A选项manufacturing在段落末尾出现且为否定。所以that还原成education。选C结论代词还原一般被认为是填空题的必考考点。其实在选择题中也是很多人应对信息爆炸的一把利器。对于观点句或者补充观点句的代词，建议你以笔记形式将代词记下以便后续用替换法和排除法检查核对来提高正确率。